{"id":2718,"date":"2016-03-17T12:09:12","date_gmt":"2016-03-17T18:09:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/?p=2718"},"modified":"2022-06-23T15:36:46","modified_gmt":"2022-06-23T21:36:46","slug":"the-mines-of-cloud-city","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/the-mines-of-cloud-city\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mines of Cloud City"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s gold in them hills!!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Less interesting is \u201cThere\u2019s tungsten in them hills!\u201d and perhaps even less inviting, \u201cThere\u2019s bismuth in them hills!\u201d Turns out we have all three on our property, along with a few other radioactive, naturally occurring elements such as thorium and uranium. Mining history in our community, Sugarloaf, is fairly interesting, especially if you like Cold War conspiracy theories or Pepto-Bismol.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s start with everybody\u2019s favorite arc-welding metal, tungsten. \u201cTungsten\u201d sounds like it could be a private, east coast college: \u201cOh, I didn\u2019t know you were a Tungsten man, jolly good,\u201d or \u201cI majored in economics at Tungsten\u201d. Tungsten\u2019s atomic number is 74 and its chemical symbol is, of course, \u201cW\u201d. Why \u201cW\u201d? \u201cTungsten\u201d is Swedish for \u201cheavy stone\u201d, which was a recalibration of the original (and somewhat cooler) named \u201cwolframite\u201d, which is a combined form of iron and tungsten. Because pure tungsten was an element apart from wolframite, it was accordingly classified but kept the chemical symbol \u201cW\u201d as an homage. Wolframite, by the way, was originally called \u201c<em>Lupi spuma<\/em>\u201d meaning \u201cwolf\u2019s froth\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2721\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2721\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2721 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Tungsten-Mine-Medium-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"Tungsten Mine Boulder Colorado\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Tungsten-Mine-Medium-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Tungsten-Mine-Medium-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Tungsten-Mine-Medium-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Tungsten-Mine-Medium.jpg 1148w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/685;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2721\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A bounty of tungsten awaits all who enter here! This is the biggest mine on our property.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The biggest mine on our land was a tungsten lode. I had a Colorado Mines and Reclamation expert come up to check our closed mines to make sure they are safe. She explained that we had a lot of raw tungsten just laying around, so if you need a chunk, let me know. For you outdoorsy types, chances are you have tungsten-carbide tips in your hiking poles. Tungsten carbide studs are also used in snow tires and snowmobile tracks. Finally, the ball in your ballpoint pen? Yup, tungsten carbide! More on tungsten in a bit.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2726\" style=\"width: 291px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2726\" class=\"wp-image-2726 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/open-mine-2.jpg\" alt=\"Colorado open Mine\" width=\"281\" height=\"500\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/open-mine-2.jpg 281w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/open-mine-2-169x300.jpg 169w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 281px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 281\/500;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2726\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Colorado, JIMMY can fall down the MINE and his BORDER collies can run off and find help.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next up we have gold, sweet, sweet gold. Gold was discovered in the now-aptly named \u201cGold Hill\u201d area in 1860 and that\u2019s how the communities west of Boulder were populated (at least by white people). Gold\u2019s elemental number is 79 and keeping with the confusing nomenclature, its chemical symbol is \u201cAu\u201d (Latin for <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aurum, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">meaning \u201cgold\u201d). Supposedly there\u2019s a LOT of gold in the Boulder area, including under Mount Sanitas, though our plot of land only has one gold mine out of eight known mines\/prospects on the property. That doesn\u2019t change the fact I fully expect to find a huge nugget worth millions of dollars and never have to work another day in my life. For those wondering if we have mineral rights, we do. This also means if a solid diamond meteorite from outer space crashes on our land, we legally own it. Sweet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Onto bismuth, Atomic number 83, and remarkably, it uses the logical \u201cBi\u201d as its chemical symbol. As a raw ore, bismuth is a dull grey and is slightly radioactive. When bismuth oxidizes, it\u2019s straight-up gorgeous. It is most famous as a digestive aid &#8211; that\u2019s bismuth you\u2019re drinking when you swig Pepto-Bismol. While classified as a toxic metal, there\u2019s no evidence of it being harmful or carcinogenic. Speaking of toxic metals\u2026 this is where Boulder\u2019s mining history gets interesting. Explore some of the other mines just off our property and you\u2019ll find thorium (named after Thor himself) and uranium (named after the chuckle-worthy Uranus). \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2732\" style=\"width: 710px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2732\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2732 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/bismuth-crystals.jpg\" alt=\"Bismuth crystals \" width=\"700\" height=\"486\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/bismuth-crystals.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/bismuth-crystals-300x208.jpg 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 700px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 700\/486;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2732\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oxidized bismuth crystals. Shiny!<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nearby <a href=\"http:\/\/projects.wsj.com\/waste-lands\/site\/262-marion-mill-site\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marion Millsite<\/a> is especially interesting.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I plan to fully research this story in a future blog post, but here\u2019s what I know thus far. The Marion Millsite is about 3 miles from our land, right off Sugarloaf Road. It\u2019s a highly contaminated site that was up for a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superfund\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Superfund<\/a> grant (that was denied). It (supposedly) began as a tungsten processing plant, which it likely was, by the Wah Chang Corporation in 1954. In November of 1956, the US government canceled its lucrative tungsten ore buying program, causing the price of tungsten to plummet and closing up a majority of Boulder County\u2019s tungsten mines, including the Marion Millsite.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2734\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2734\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2734 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Sweeny-Mine-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"Marion Millsite Boulder Colorado\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Sweeny-Mine-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Sweeny-Mine-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Sweeny-Mine-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Sweeny-Mine.jpg 1100w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/685;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2734\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marion Millsite. And you thought &#8220;No Trespassing&#8221; signs were good at keeping people away.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know what else was happening in the mid-1950s? The Cold War. It was the early 1950s when the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocky_Flats_Plant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rocky Flats<\/a> project came into being and coincidentally, the old tungsten refinery was sold to \u201cprivate interests\u201d in 1959 and instead began processing thorium and uranium. Here\u2019s where things get fuzzy. Nuclear grade thorium-oxide (and possibly uranium) was produced at Marion Millsite, with ore flowing in from Colorado, Tennessee, and Maryland. At some undisclosed point, there was an accident that involved thorium contamination in the early 1960s and the polluted property has been closed off ever since. Given the toxicity of nuclear accidents, it will likely be one of the few properties people can actually afford in Boulder county, assuming you don\u2019t mind the occasional mutated family member.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2735\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2735\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2735 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Mining-sign-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"Marion Millsite Boulder\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Mining-sign-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Mining-sign-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Mining-sign-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Mining-sign.jpg 1100w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/685;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2735\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">More friendly warnings from the Marion Millsite.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So there\u2019s lots of elemental intrigue in the Sugarloaf area, including possible diamond pipes, silver, and even undiscovered uranium. As far as our plot of land is concerned, we can dream of becoming tungsten barons (though <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ferro-alloys.com\/en\/News\/Details\/85437\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bismuth is where the money is these days<\/a>). If you feel inclined to bring up your mule and pick-ax, we will only demand 80% of your profits. Oh, and if you see a glowing zombie staggering through the woods, that\u2019s just old man Marion. Give him a few thorium nuggets and he\u2019ll be on his way.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There\u2019s gold in them hills!! Less interesting is \u201cThere\u2019s tungsten in them hills!\u201d and perhaps even less inviting, \u201cThere\u2019s bismuth in them hills!\u201d Turns out&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2741,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2718","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cloud-city-chronicles"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Mines of Cloud City - Mountain Air<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mountainouswords.com\/mountain-air\/the-mines-of-cloud-city\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Mines of Cloud City - Mountain Air\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There\u2019s gold in them hills!! 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